Environment

Understand the core components of ecosystems, their key functions, and the role of biotic interactions and biogeochemical cycles in maintaining ecological balance.

Explore the major terrestrial ecosystems—forest, grassland, desert, and tundra. Learn their key features, biodiversity, climate adaptations, and ecological significance.

Discover the tundra ecosystem—its harsh climate, unique adaptations of flora and fauna, key characteristics, and the different types found around the globe.

Explore the diverse world of desert ecosystems—from hot and cold deserts to plant and animal adaptations. Discover their unique biodiversity and ecological resilience.

Explore the types of forest ecosystems, their rich biodiversity, and their vital role in maintaining ecological balance, regulating climate, and supporting life on Earth.

Discover the importance of grassland ecosystems in preserving biodiversity, supporting agriculture and grazing, and sustaining ecological balance. Explore their conservation challenges and economic value.

Learn about coniferous forests—their unique features, major types like taiga, and their economic value through timber, biodiversity, and climate regulation.

Explore the vital role of forests in sustaining biodiversity, providing life essentials, regulating climate, and supporting ecosystems across the globe.

Discover the diverse types of temperate forests, their ecological roles in global biodiversity, and the cultural value they hold for communities and civilizations.

Explore the wonders of tropical rainforests—their rich biodiversity, ecological value, and vital role in global climate and economic sustainability.

Discover the essential biogeochemical cycles—carbon, nitrogen, water, and more. Learn their functions, processes, and significance in maintaining Earth’s ecosystem balance.

Explore the carbon cycle, its processes, and various forms, from atmospheric CO₂ to organic carbon. Learn how it impacts ecosystems, climate change, and sustainability.

Discover how energy flows through ecosystems, from producers to consumers, across trophic levels. Learn about different modes of nutrition and their ecological roles.

Learn about cropping patterns in India, including monocropping, mixed cropping, intercropping, and crop rotation. Discover regional variations, government policies, and the challenges and opportunities facing Indian agriculture.

Explore the diverse world of Indian agriculture. Learn about major food crops like rice and wheat, cash crops like cotton and sugarcane, regional distribution, government initiatives, and the challenges & opportunities facing Indian farmers.